New waste technologies

The UK has been over-reliant on landfill for too long. The most viable alternative treatment involves energy from waste plants which are far removed from the incinerators of the past and provide a valuable alternative to fossil fuel burning by industry. Other technologies such as mechanical biological treatment are emerging and may have much to offer in the years ahead.

Where does CSS stand?

The UK has been over-reliant on landfill. While well-engineered landfill sites are able to ensure that ground water is not polluted, the capturing of methane is more problematic. It is concern about methane, one of the most damaging greenhouse gases, that has hastened the demise of landfill as a disposal method.

The most viable alternative treatment is through energy from waste plants. These modern plants, which are sophisticated combined heat and power facilities, are far removed from the incinerators or “destructors” of the past. The catalytic treatment units reduce pollutants to levels that are well within the permitted levels and certainly better than conventional power stations and many industrial processes.

Viability must not just be possible at a technical level, such plants must also represent good value for money. Energy from waste remains one of the least risky investments and also provides an alternative to fossil fuel burning power stations. Even the bottom ash can be used for some construction processes.

Other technologies are emerging. These include Mechanical Biological Treatment (MBT) and pyrolysis (in-vessel burning). The Environment Agency is assessing different technologies.